Facts, maker claims, independent evidence, estimates, user reports and unknowns are labelled separately. Cost, markup and OEM appear only as sourced estimates; without a basis no number is invented. The same criteria apply to every brand.
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SAME TECHNOLOGY CATEGORY, DIFFERENT PRICE
Same technology category, different price
Real retail prices side by side within one technology category, with each product’s evidence grade and measured effect size on the same row. Output and wavelengths can still differ within a category.
× is the retail-price ratio to the cheapest product in the same technology category and form (mask vs mask, handheld vs handheld; for LED, red/NIR or not). Comparable category only — dose similarity is mostly unknown, and it does not mean the products are the same. This ratio does not represent manufacturing cost or operating margin. It may include differences in manufacturer, quality control, certification, R&D, logistics, returns, distribution, marketing and after-sales service. Non-KRW prices are converted at the live exchange rate for reference.